Kandalama the Greenest Hotel

Kandalama Hotel

Kandalama Hotel
Heritance Kandalama, Dambulla located in a serene area of the mountainside overlooking the Kandalama Lake and the Sigiriya Rock Fortress, provides guests an ambience of luxury and sophistication. Heritance Kandalama, Dambulla set amidst the all green tropical landscape and providing a host of luxurious facilities, guests always prefer to wander back to this dreamy location. From timber paneled rooms to an infinity pool and restaurants to relish local and international cuisine as well as luxurious spa treatments, the service quality of the hotel will always make you feel relaxed.

Heritance Kandalama Location

Offering guests five star luxury and a relaxing atmosphere, the Heritance Kandalama is situated in a 230 acre Kandalama Estate, 11km away from the ancient city of Dambulla which is the nearest town centre to the hotel. The city of Colombo is 160km away from the hotel while the International Airport is approximately 170km away. A bus station is located in the town centre of Dambulla while taxi services are available at the hotel premises for the convenience of the guests.

Heritance Kandalama Accommodation
Symbolizing the architectural influence of Geoffrey Bawa, Heritance Kandalama has 152 timber paneled and decorated rooms which are each unique and set in different angles enabling a different view from every room. A range of accommodation units are offered that includes Superior, Luxury and Deluxe Rooms as well as Suites, Luxury and Royal Suites.

53 Superior Rooms at the hotel are located in the Dambulla Wing while 33 Luxury Rooms and 30 Deluxe are found at the Sigiriya Wing.

All of the above rooms include air-conditioning with individual temperature controller, Laundry service (normal/express), Tea/coffee making facilities, TV with cable connection, In room dining, Pipe music, Radio, Mini bar, Direct Dialing, Spa menu/Directory of services, Private balcony, Wi-Fi on request as all rooms are not connected, Shower with shower cubical, Hair dryer, Toiletries and a Safety locker. Luxury and deluxe rooms contain a Rain shower with shower cubical/Bath tub while guests can also make use of the Private Jacuzzi in the deluxe rooms.

Located in the Sigiriya and Dambulla Wings, the hotel offers 11 Suites, 2 Luxury Suites and a Luxurious Royal Suite for a fabulous holiday of pampering and relaxing. Many of the room amenities and additional facilities are provided in these suites offering total satisfaction.
Heritance Kandalama Facilities

Heritance Kandalama's main restaurant "Kanchana" offers guests an assortment of theme nights with cuisines from around the world with buffet spreads and barbeque nights while the hotel's A-la-carte restaurant "Kashyapa" can accommodate up to 125 guests. Offering elegance and set for the true romantic in you, the Fine Dining Restaurant "Kalu Diya" is located at the top most elevation of the hotel. The hotel houses the Kanchana Lounge and Bar as well as the Rashmi Pool Bar where guests can enjoy drinks and entertainment. For the more creative minded guest, unique dining options such as breakfast on the barge, dining at the cave and dining with the chef can be a remarkable experience.

Three swimming pools are located within the premises of the hotel - the Infinity Pool, A natural pool named Kaludiya Pokuna and the Rashmi Pool. Other sports activities include Water polo, Badminton, Table tennis, Flood lit tennis courts, Indoor games and Bicycles on rent. The Six Senses Spa offers a variety of treatments to rejuvenate your mind, body and soul. A fully equipped gymnasium allows a total body work out.

Conference facilities and wedding packages are also made available for guests who wish to host functions at the Heritance Kandalama. Other facilities offered at the hotel include a Business Centre, Wireless internet, Library, 24 hour laundry service, Wheel chair access to locations, Children's play area, High chairs for children, Baby sitting services, Children's menus, 24 hour room service, 24 hour free porter service, Foreign currency exchange, Tours and excursions desk, Valet parking, Shopping arcade, Doctor on call and eco toilets.
Heritance Kandalama Excursions

The 2,000-year-old cave temple at Dambulla and the Sigiriya Rock Fortress, two UNESCO World Heritage Sites, are just minutes away from the Hotel. The ancient cities of Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa as well as the Minneriya wildlife sanctuary are situated within driving distance. Heritance Kandalama is definitely an ideal venue to explore Sri Lanka's ancient heritage and its rich natural environment.

Renowned as an ultimate eco-tourism destination in Sri Lanka, Heritance Kandalama offers guests more leisure activities surrounding nature which includes Eco Trails, Elephant Back Trekking, Horse Rides and Pony Rides, Lake Safari, Bird Watching, Butterfly and Dragonfly Watching, Boat Rides, Bird Watching by Boat and Mountain Bicycle Rides. Excursions can be made to Aligala Caves, Dambulla Cave Temple, Puranagama (Ancient Village), Kandalama Rock while Guided Bicycle Tours, Guided Night Hikes and Jungle trekking are more enjoyed by the adventurous traveler.

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Hotel Sudu Araliya - Journey to History

Hotel Sudu Araliya

What is it really like?    
Journey to Polonnaruwa; ancient Capital City of Ceylon and seat of power of Parakrama, High King of a Majestic era. Beside the banks of the Parakrama Samudra Reservoir, (the second largest inland body of water) surrounded by lush foliage, and serenaded by birds…. You will encounter “Hotel Sudu Araliya” situated on the banks of Parakrama Samudraya – a heaven for the discerning traveler.    
Where is it?    

Hotel Sudu Araliya is situated on the banks of Parakrama Samudraya at Polonnaruwa and 216km away from Colombo, easy access to archaeological sites and national parks.

What is the style of accommodation?    

Come experience the comfort amidst star class hospitality! Hotel Sudu Araliya, with 50 air-conditioned rooms each nestling amongst flora, all with hot water, mini bar, pipe music, Telephones, Television, and some rooms with bath tub and balcony. Although the hotel is located in the north central province of the country, you will find splendid greenery in and around the hotel premises.


Witness wildlife in its many wonders, the hotel arrange Safaris to minneriya, kawdulla, and wasgamuwa Natinal Parks. view Elephant herds, splendid Bird Life and wandering monkey troops. If you enjoy Boating in the lake, night Camping, fishing or exploring Archeological sites you will find this and so much more at Hotel Sudu Araliya.
   
What are the available services?    

The Restaurant
The restaurant is open to the garden with a panoramic view of the Parakrama Samudra Reservoir, serving Eastern& Western cuisine and specializing in exotic typical Sri Lankan dishes special Theme nights. BBQ nights & Special buffet.

Bar
A well stock wine seller with variety of our own cocktails to make your stay much more enjoyable & dazzling.

Coffee Shop
A spacious and comfortable Coffee Shop situated right in the middle of the hotel lobby – it is well laid out and serves excellent coffee along with cakes, pastries etc.

Swimming Pool & Pool Bar
The Swimming pool is surrounded by the large landscaped garden and the pool bar is stock with range of alcoholic and normal beverages.

Banquet and Conference Hall
The spacious air-conditioned Banquet and conference hall is equipped with facilities required for conference and seminars and have a seating capacity of 300 to suit any function.

Business Center
Business center is equipped with Facsimile, IDD, Internet & e-mail facilities

Landscaped Garden
The large landscaped garden is a unique natural resort and planted with tropical and dry zone trees. Well laid down and spacious garden is used for various occasions such as weddings, meetings, private gatherings etc.

Ayurvedic Centre

Head Massage (Sirasa Abhyaanga)
A special herbal oil treatment, which relaxes stress, stimulates sensory and motor nerve functions, thus providing a sound, calm and comfortable sensation to the head.

Face Massage (Vaktra Abhyanga)
Special herbal oil or an herbal cream is used in this treatment which improves the complexion and luster of the facial skin providing a rich and pleasant look to the face. It is effective against facial paralysis, problems with mastication etc..

Body Massage (Shareera Abhyanga)
Body massage improves blood circulation relaxes the entire body from fatigue, muscular pain and strain. It will nourish the nervous system gives a beautiful luster to the skin. It is effective against the wastage of muscle etc. It is a rejuvenation therapy and preserves youthful qualities.

Intensive Massage (Sandhi Abhyanga)
This involves massaging of small and large joints of the body, which reduces pain in the joints, improving the activities of them and effective against swelling, pain and arthritic conditions.

Massage with Seeds and Herbal Leaves (Panda Sweda)
In this treatment a bolus (pottani) made of fresh herbal leaves or seeds is used for fermentation which is followed by an application of herbal oil over the entire body or selected areas of the body.
This therapy is successfully used to cure large and small joints pains, swellings, arthritic affections and etc..

Foot Massage (Paada Abhyanga)
A very effective treatment to reduce the pains and muscle strains and tightening of the foot. It will stimulate the nervous centers of the brain and plexus of the body, providing a complete relaxation and light sensation.

Siro Dhara (Royal Bath )
In this treatment slightly warm herbal oil is poured to the centre of the forehead as a stream from a paatra(pot) hanged over from a suitable distance from the head. This therapy is effective for insomnia (sleeplessness), emotional and tensional headaches, stress, restlessness and to claim down the mind.

Steam Bath (Vaashpa Sweda)
Exposure to the vapor of fresh herbal leaves and dry herbs in a sealed wooden cabin for a limited period. This treatment is highly effective against muscular and joint pains, toxic-congestion of interior environment. It reduces the fat deposits from abdomen, thigh, breasts and back etc..

Herbal Bath (Avagaha Sweda)
Medicated herbal water with leaves and dry herbs are used in this treatment. It is effective to remove dead cells from the skin and increases the action of the sweat glands and sebaceous glands. Regular use of this treatment is effective against most of the skin diseases.

Flower Bath
Scents and essential oils of the natural flowers have a way of taking us closer towards wholeness. The preparation of scents and essential oils of natural flowers is tightly linked to the other channels of perception-taste, color and also memory. The oils and scents profoundly influence our inner state, rubbed into the skin by massage are absorbed into the deeper layers of the body tissues, lymphatic glands to boost blood circulation, The perception of the scents goes to our brain and to the limbic system which governs motivation, sympathy, memory and creativity. In a flower bath containing natural flowers to acquire the whole effect…. The wholeness….
   
What else is there to do nearby?    

SAFARI
Minneriya Natinoal Park
45 minutes drive from the hotel.

The park consists of mixed evergreen forest and scrub areas and is home to favourites such as sambar deer, leopards and elephants. However the central feature of the park is the ancient Minneriya Tank (built in 3 rd century AD by King Mahasena). During the dry season (June to September), this tank is an incredible place to observe the elephants who come to bathe and graze, as well as the huge flocks of birds that come to fish in the shallow waters.


Wasgamuwa National Park
Wasgamuwa National Park located in the districts of Matale and Polonnaruwa and bordered by the ‘Mahaweli' and ‘Amban' rivers, stretches an impressive 36,948 hectares. It was declared a National park in 1984, making it the only one in the Central Province .  Home to a huge variety of flora and fauna (23 species of mammal – including elephants and bears, 143 birds, 8 amphibians, 17 fresh water fishes, 17 reptiles, 50 butterflies and 150 plants), this park is truly a paradise for the nature lover.  With many small scale ancient tanks and several other ruins and ancient religious sites the park also has significant historical importance.  For keen hikers, it is also home to the ‘Sudu Kanda' mountain range (about 470m above sea level).

Maduru Oya National Park
The Maduru Oya National Park is located in the Dry Zone and is 265 km. away from Colombo and 58,849 hectares in extent. A wide variety of wildlife including some endemic birds species and reptiles are found here. Maduru Oya is rich in ancient ruins found in different places and its southern parts provide veddhas, indigenous people their living environment. Endemic purple monkey is among the important animal species that can be seen in addition to Sambhur, a member of the cat family etc. There is some endemic avifauna also found within this Park.

Kaudulla National Park
Opened in 2002 just before the massive Wilpattu reopened, KAUDULLA is Sri Lanka 's newest National Park. Situated around the ancient Kaudulla tank, the park provides a 6656 hectare elephant corridor, only 6 km from off the main Habarana–Trincomalee road. With fantastic opportunities to see many elephants at close range, the park has become a popular destination for wildlife safaris that also take in leopards, sambar deer and the occasional sloth bear! As an additional novelty, you can go for cataraman rides on the tank

HERITAGE TOURS
Polonnaruwa Museum & Cultural Site
The second most ancient of Sri Lanka's kingdoms, Polonnaruwa was first declared the capital city by King Vijayabahu I, who defeated the Chola invaders in 1070 CE to reunite the country once more under a local leader. While Vijayabahu's victory and shifting of Kingdoms to the more strategic Polonnaruwa is considered significant, the real Polonnaruwa Hero of the history books is actually his grandson, Parakramabahu I. It was his reign that is considered the Golden Age of Polonnaruwa, when trade and agriculture flourished under the patronage of the King, who was adamant that no drop of water falling from the heavens was to be wasted, and each be used toward the development of the land; hence, irrigation systems far superior to those of the Anuradhapura Age were constructed during Parakramabahu's reign, systems which to this day supply the water necessary for paddy cultivation during the scorching dry season in the east of the country. The greatest of these systems, of course is the Parakrama Samudraya or the Sea of Parakrama, a tank so vast that that it is often mistaken for the ocean. It is of such a width that it is impossible to stand upon one shore and view the other side, and it encircles the main city like a ribbon, being both a defensive border against intruders and the lifeline of the people in times of peace. The Kingdom of Polonnaruwa was completely self-sufficient during King Parakramabahu's reign.

Dambulla - Cave Temple
Of all the cave temples in Sri Lanka, the five caves that form the Raja Maha Vihara at the village of Dambulla, by far is the most impressive. Dambulla is about 12 miles south west of Sigiriya, on the Matale-Anuradhapura Road. The largest cave carries some 48 statues of Lord Buddha alone, with statues of some Hindu gods, (Vishnu and Saman). The statues of the Hindu gods date back to the 12th century, when Hinduism took root in Sri Lanka and started influencing the arts. The history of the caves themselves dates back to the 2nd or 1st century B.C., when King Valagam Bahu who was escaping the invading army that drove him out of Anuradhapura, took refuge in these caves

Sigiriya - Rock Fortress
Sigiriya, the spectacular 'Lion rock' fortress, stands majestically overlooking the luscious green jungle surroundings, and is one of Sri Lanka's major attractions.

This was built by King Kassyapa, a son of King Dathusena, by a palace consort. As legend goes, King Datusena was overthrown and walled in, alive by Kassyapa in 473 AD. Mogallana, Datusena's son by the true queen fled to India, vowing revenge.

Kassyapa fearing an invasion built this impregnable fortress at Sigiriya.

When the invasion finally came in 491, Kassyapa rode out to battle in his war elephant.In an attempt to out-flank his half-brother, Kassyapa took a wrong turn, where his elephant got stuck in the mud. His soldiers, thinking Kassyapa was retreating fled abandoning him, and he took his own life.

Anuradhapura - the Ancient Capital of Sri Lanka
The city of Anuradhapura is situated one hundred and twenty eight miles (205 km) north of Colombo in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka on the banks of the Malwatu Oya. Founded in the 4th century BC it was the capital of the Anuradhapura Kingdom till the beginning of the 11th century AC. During this period it reminded one of the most stable and durable centers of political power and urban life in South Asia. It was also a wealthy city which created a unique culture and a great civilization . Today this ancient city of Sri Lanka, which is sacred to the Buddhist world, which its surrounding monasteries covers an area of over sixteen square miles ( 40 sq km) and is one of the world's major archaeological sites.

Avukana - Stone Image of Load Buddha
The approach road to Avukana passes along the bund of the Kaluvava one of the biggest in Sri Lanka which was built by King Dhatusens in about 470. This bund is nearly four miles long, 40 feet high and holds back 72,687 acre feet of water. The Kalavava was able to irrigate about 7,000 acres of rice fields. A short distance on the left from where the road turns off the bund are the remains of the huge sluice and spillway of this hydraulic marvel. Continuing further on the pilgrim will arrive in Avukana. The various caves around Avukana have inscriptions dating from the 1st century BCE to the 2nd century CE which shows that the place was a monastery from at least that time. Avukana's ancient name is unknown and so is the king who made its fine statue. In the 18th century the place was called Kalagal which in Pali would be Kalasela. A place called Kalasela the mentioned in the Culavamsa as containing an image for which King Dhatusena (455-73) had a diadem made. As Aukuana's statue dates from around the 5th century BCE it may well be the place mentioned in the chronicle.

Somawathiya - Ancient Stupa
The Somawathi Chaithya is located by the bank of the Mahaveli River within the Sanctuary named after it and nearly 20 km north east of Polonnaruwa. The flood plains of Mahaveli River have been inhibited by a large number of wild animals ranging from elephants, wild buffalo, deer and other grass-eating animals fed by the luxuriously growing grasslands. The animals are protected by the declaration of Wasgomuwa Strict Natural Reserve, Flood Plains National Park, Trikonamadu Natural Reserve and the Somawathi Chaithya Sanctuary all located to embrace low laying banks of the mighty river.

The ancient place of Buddhist worship lying within the Polonnaruwa District was a casualty of war and had been deserted for 15 years. When the villagers and the temple priest flew the area in fear, the restoration work of the Chaithya had to be abandoned.

BEACH SAFARIS
Kalkudah & Passekudah
Kalkudah & Passekudah are two very fine beaches in the East Coast. Kalkudah Bay, a 2 km long wide stretch of beach-located 32 km north of Batticaloa-is well protected from the monsoon by an off shore reef. Passekudah Bay is another wide beach 4 km long, just south of Kalkudah. The two beaches form an ideal stretch for bathing, windsurfing and water skiing. The combined area of Passekudah and Kalkudah was declared a National Holiday Resort in 1973.

Nilaveli
Nilaveli-situated at a distance of 271 km from Colombo-is a prime beach resort on the East coast. The beach has ample water sports facilities including fishing and sea angling. Nilaveli is ideally suited for sun bathing and diving. A few metres from the coast is a small rocky island good for snorkeling.

FISHING & BOAT RIDES
Located at the shores of the largest man made reservoir (Parakrama Samudra) in the ancient Sri Lanka . Take boat excursions exploring the many islands inhabited by birds; try your skill at fishing or for the adventurer in you wind surfing is provided.


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Mihintale - the cradle of Buddhism in Sri Lanka

mihinthale

Mihintale is a mountain peak near Anuradhapura in Sri Lanka. It is believed by Sri Lankans to be the site of a meeting between the Buddhist monk Mahinda and King Devanampiyatissa which inaugurated the presence of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. It is now a pilgrimage site, and the site of several religious monuments and abandoned structures.

Description

Eight miles east of Anuradhapura, close to the Anuradhapura - Trincomalee Road is situated the "Missaka Pabbata" which is 1,000 feet (300 m) in height and is one of the peaks of a mountainous range. Geographically, the mountain range consists of three main hills: Ambastala Plateau of the Mango. Rajagiri, Mountain of the King, and Aanaikuddy the Mountain of the Elephant. The word 'Aanaikuddy' is Tamil. Thus, this mountain range should have some connection with the Tamils, probably the Tamil Buddhist Monks.

According to Dipavamsa and Mahavamsa, Thera Mahinda came to Sri Lanka from India on the full moon day of the month of Poson (June) and met King Devanampiyatissa and the people, and preached the doctrine. The traditional spot where this meeting took place is revered by the Buddhists of Sri Lanka. Therefore in the month of Poson, Buddhists make their pilgrimage to Anuradhapura and Mihintale.

“Mahinda” was the son of Emperor Ashoka of India. King Ashoka embraced Buddhism after he was inspired by a very small monk named “Nigrodha.” The King who was in great misery after seeing the loss of life caused by his waging wars to expand his empire, was struck by the peaceful countenance of such a young monk. Meeting this young monk made a turning point in his life and he thereafter, renounced wars. He was determined to spread the message of peace, to neutralize the effects from the damages caused by him through his warfare. As a result both his son and daughter were ordained as Buddha disciples, and became enlightened as Arahats. In his quest to spread the message of peace instead of war, he sent his son Mahinda, to the island of Lanka, which was also known as “Sinhalé”. This island was being ruled by his pen friend King Devanampiyatissa. Thus, “Mahinda” was the exclusive Indian name which in Sinhalé, became commonly known as “Mihindu” in the local vernacular “Sinhala”.

In Sinhala Mihin-Thalé literally means the “plateau of Mihindu”. This plateau is the flat terrain on top of a hill from where Arahat Mihindu was supposed to have called King Devanampiyatissa, by the King’s first name to stop him shooting a deer in flight. Hence, “Mihin Thalé” is a specifically Sinhala term. This is how the place has been called and still is, in the local vernacular “Sinhala”. A study of the local vernacular will give ample proof for this. Therefore, the supposition that this name “Mihin Thalé” was derived from the Tamil name Mahinda Malai is erroneous and unfounded.

This is said have been called Cetiyagiri or Sagiri,even thought it was more popularly known as Mihintale - the cradle of Buddhism in Sri Lanka.

However, the story of Mahinda meeting the King Devanampiyatissa of Anuradhapura and preaching him the doctrine as said in Dipavamsa and Mahavamsa is very similar to the story of Satuvan meeting the leader of the Nagga Nagas and preaching him about the good way of life in the Tamil epic Manimehala. There are a number of description in Manimehalai that are same or similar to that of Dipavamsa and Mahavamsa.

From ancient times a large number of large steps were constructed to climb Mihintale. It is stated that King Devanampiyatissa constructed a vihara and 68 caves for the bhikkhus to reside in. At Mihintale there gradually grew a number of Buddhist viharas with all the dependent buildings characteristic of monasteries of that period.


The Hospital
At the foot of the mountain are the ruins of a hospital, medical bath (or stone canoe in which patients were immersed in medicinal oil) a stone inscription and urns belonging to the ancient period have been unearthed. Between the hospital and the steps leading to the rock are the ruins of a large monastery. On the floors of the square building which is 125 feet (38 m) on one side, are beautiful carvings and also are stone balustrades and guard stones. As this side is precipitous, the steps are on the eastern side of the slope, spacious and in 4 sections. The stairway has 1840 steps made of granite, leading to the summit. At the end of the first set of steps on the right side of the plain, is a small mountain peak. On this is situated the most famous Kantaka Cetiya.

Heinz E Müller-Dietz (Historia Hospitalium 1975) describes Mihintale Hospital as being perhaps the oldest in the world.

Kantaka Cetiya

Kantaka Cetiya is a circular stupa having a base circumference of about 425 feet. It has three stepped rims. It has four frontispieces in the four cardinal directions. The frontispiece is called Vaahalkada. All the Vaahalkadas are decorated with sculptures of dwarfs, animals, human, divine figures and floral motifs. One of the most important of the sculptures on the Kantaka Cethiya Vaahalkada is the elephant headed God with two arms. The Saivites call it Ganapati or Ganeesaa. The Ganapati sculptures in the Vaahalkadas of the Kantaka Cetiya have created confusion among the archaeologists and historians. No one could not explain the connection between Ganapati God and Buddhism. Thus, the Sinhalese historians and archaeologists have tried to give some imaginary interpretation.

The four vahaalkadas facing the four cardinal points have different animals on the top of the square pillars - the elephant on the east, the lion on the north, the horse on the west and the bull on the south.

Most of the Indian and Sri Lankan archaeologists believe that there is a symbolic relationship between these animals and the four cardinal directions. But, they differ in associating a particular animal with a particular direction.

However, in a moonstone of Sri Lanka and the Lion Capital of Saranath, we find these four animals sculptured in the moving position. At the same time, in the coins collected in the Northern mainland of Sri Lanka, Jaffna peninsula and Akurugoda of Rununa, we find the following symbols marked on them: 1. the Lion on one side, and a group of four dots placed in the form of a square at the centre of a circle on the other side; 2. the Horse on one side and a group of four dots placed in the form of a square at the centre of a circle on the other side; 3. the Bull on one side and a group of four dots placed in the form of a square at the centre of a circle on the other side.

Also in the Northern and southern Sri Lanka, coins having a bull on one side and an elephant on the other side have been discovered. In India coins with a bull on one side and a lion on the other side have been discovered.

Therefore, the animals lion, horse and bull are associated with the very same group of four things.Therefore, the animals lion, horse and bull must symbolize a human who is associated with a group of four things.

Thus, one could come to the conclusion that the four animals lion, horse , elephant and bull symbolize Lord Buddha who is associated with the Four Noble Truths. Further study on coins, sculptures etc. will confirm this conclusion.

Therefore, the Kantaka Cethiya could have been built by the Mahayana Buddhists only, as Theravada Buddhism rejects literature, puraanas, symbolization, symbolization of Lord Buddha and Buddhism, music, dance, sculpture, painting and other forms of art.

On the other hand, Tamil name 'Aanaikuddy' and the compound word 'Vaahalkada' compels one to conclude that the Kantaka Cetiya was built by the Tamil Mahayana Buddhists and the name 'Mihintale' should have been Mahinta Malai.

Thus, a further study has to be conducted on Kantaka Cetiya.

However, the Sinhalese archaeologists and historians say that King Suratissa may have built this Stupa. The Pesavalalu and the frontispiece have been preserved to a great extent. There are ruins of the stupa which are 40 ft (12 m) in height. The monks would have resided in the caves close to the stupa. As this stupa was renovated by King Lajjitissa. There is no doubt that this belongs to the 1st century B.C.

The Refectory

The Courtyard is situated at the end of the third flight of steps. To the left of the courtyard is the refectory. The quadrangle is 62 feet (19 m) in length and 25 ft (7.6 m) in breadth and is surrounded by the storeroom. Since a part of a pipe line has been discovered here, it can be concluded that a systematic and well planned pipe borne scheme was provided. Two stone troughs can be seen here, which would have been used to store food close to the refectory. On either side of the entrance to a building, are 2 inscriptions engraved on 2 large slabs of granite known as the Mihintale stone inscriptions. The rules and regulations pertaining to the administrative purposes of the monastery are engraved on these 2 stone slabs. This inscription installed by King Mihindu (956 - 976 AD) contains records of payments made to the service staff. In the vicinity on another plain is the meeting hall of the monks. Here the monks met, to discuss the Dhamma and the Vinaya. This is an open building which is 62 feet (19 m) square and was constructed on 48 stone pillars. In the middle of the hall is a platform with 4 entrances.

To the East of the refectory is a stupa, 88 feet (27 m) in circumference. It has not been identified so far.

Ambasthala Dagaba

Is situated on the plain close to the peak of the mountain, and is said to have been built by King Makalantissa. The ruins show that there has been a house built encircling the stupa. The Dagaba itself is said to enshrine the relics of the great Apostle Mahinda. It is here that King Devanampiyatissa first met Arahant Mahinda. The traditional spot where this meeting took place is marked by the Ambasthala Dagaba.

The Cave of Arahant Mahinda

When proceeding from Ambastala dagaba along the narrow road, on the slope is the cave known as Mihindu Guhawa or the cave of Arahant Mahinda, where he resided. Out of the caves the most famous and incidentally the most sacred to Buddhists is this cave with its flattened slab on which Thera Mahinda was accustomed to rest.

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Dambulla Cave Temple

Dambulla cave temple

Dambulla cave temple also known as the Golden Temple of Dambulla is a World Heritage Site (1991) in Sri Lanka, situated in the central part of the country. This site is situated 148 km east of Colombo and 72 km north of Kandy. It is the largest and best-preserved cave temple complex in Sri Lanka. The rock towers 160 m over the surrounding plains.There are more than 80 documented caves in the surrounding area. Major attractions are spread over 5 caves, which contain statues and paintings. These paintings and statues are related to Lord Buddha and his life. There total of 153 Buddha statues, 3 statues of Sri Lankan kings and 4 statues of gods and goddesses. The latter include two statues of Hindu gods, the god Vishnu and the god Ganesh. The murals cover an area of 2,100 square meters. Depictions on the walls of the caves include the temptation by the demon Mara, and Buddha's first sermon.

Prehistoric Sri Lankans would have lived in these cave complexes before the arrival of Buddhism in Sri Lanka as there are burial sites with human skeletons about 2700 years old in this area, at Ibbankatuwa near the Dambulla cave complexes.

his temple complex dates back to the 1st century BC. It has five caves under a vast overhanging rock, carved with a drip line to keep the interiors dry. In 1938 the architecture was embellished with arched colonnades and gabled entrances. Inside the caves, the ceilings are painted with intricate patterns of religious images following the contours of the rock. There are images of the Lord Buddha and bodhisattvas, as well as various gods and goddesses.

The Dambulla cave monastery is still functional and remains the best-preserved ancient edifice in Sri Lanka. This complex dates from the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC, when it was already established as one of the largest and most important monasteries. King Valagambahu is traditionally thought to have converted the caves into a temple in the 1st century BC. Exiled from Anuradhapura, he sought refuge here from South Indian usurpers for 15 years. After reclaiming his capital, the King built a temple in thankful worship. Many other kings added to it later and by the 11th century, the caves had become a major religious centre and still are. King Nissanka Malla gilded the caves and added about 70 Buddha statues in 1190. During the 18th century, the caves were restored and painted by the Kandyan Kings.

The five caves

The temple is composed of five caves, which have been converted into shrine rooms. The caves, built at the base of a 150m high rock during the Anuradhapura (1st century BC to 993 AD) and Polonnaruwa times (1073 to 1250), are by far the most impressive of the many cave temples found in Sri Lanka. Access is along the gentle slope of the Dambulla Rock, offering a panoramic view of the surrounding flat lands, which includes the rock fortress Sigiriya, 19 km away. Dusk brings hundreds of swooping swallows to the cave entrance. The largest cave measures about 52m from east to west, and 23m from the entrance to the back, this spectacular cave is 7m tall at its highest point. Hindu deities are also represented here, as are the kings Valagamba and Nissankamalla, and Ananda - the Buddha's most devoted disciple.

Cave of the Divine King

The first cave is called Devaraja lena (lena in sinhalese meaning cave), or "Cave of the Divine King." An account of the founding of the monastery is recorded in a 1st-century Brahmi inscription over the entrance to the first cave. This cave is dominated by the 14-meter statue of the Buddha, hewn out of the rock. It has been repainted countless times in the course of its history, and probably received its last coat of paint in the 20th century. At his feet is Buddha's favorite pupil, Ananda; at his head, Vishnu, said to have used his divine powers to create the caves.

Cave of the Great Kings

In the second and largest cave, in addition to 16 standing and 40 seated statues of Buddha, are the gods Saman and Vishnu, which pilgrims often decorate with garlands, and finally statues of King Vattagamani Abhaya, who honored the monastery in the 1st century BC., and King Nissanka Malla, responsible in the 12th century for the gilding of 50 statues, as indicated by a stone inscription near the monastery entrance. This cave is accordingly called Maharaja lena, "Cave of the Great Kings." The Buddha statue hewn out of the rock on the left side of the room is escorted by wooden figures of the Bodhisattvas Maitreya and Avalokiteshvara or Natha. There is also a dagoba and a spring which drips its water, said to have healing powers, out of a crack in the ceiling. Valuable tempera paintings on the cave ceiling dating from the 18th century depict scenes from Buddha's life, from the dream of Mahamaya to temptation by the demon Mara. Further pictures relate important events from the country's history.

Great New Monastery

The third cave, the Maha Alut Vihara, the "Great New Monastery" acquired ceiling and wall paintings in the typical Kandy style during the reign of King Kirti Sri Rajasinha (1747–1782), the famous Buddhist revivalist. In addition to the 50 Buddha statues, there is also a statue of the king.

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National Wild Parks Sri Lanka


Udawalawe National Park
Udawalawe National Park

Is situated in the dry zone and is a large area of scrub, grass and old plantation around a large reservoir. Udawalawe National Park is very well known for its outstanding scenic beauty and wealth of fauna species, particularly mammals and birds. One of the main attractions of this park is the opportunity to view elephants at a really close range.

Herds of elephants, populations of sambar, spotted deer, barking deer, wild boar, water buffalo common langur, jackal, sloth bear, leopard, black napped hare, endemic golden palm civet and mongoose are some of the animals that can be sighted at this national park. Udawalawe is also a great place to watch water birds. Rare visitors and breeding residents such as the Indian cormorant and osprey can be found on the reservoir. Notable endemic species are the Sri Lanka junglefowl, Sri Lanka spurfowl, malabar pied hornbill, Sri Lanka grey hornbill and brown-capped babbler.


Wasgomuwa National Park
Wasgomuwa National Park
Also located in the dry zone, Wasgomuwa National Park is almost completely surrounded by large rivers on all its sides. Probably one of the best places in the island for near wildlife fanatics as it contains more wildlife, in terms of both wild fauna and flora. 23 species of mammals, 143 species of birds (5 of which are endemic), 35 species of reptiles (of which 7 are endemic), 15 species of amphibians, 17 species of fish and 52 species of butterflies are known to be found here.

Populations of around 150 elephants freely roam the park. Other interesting animals you could catch a glimpse of include the leopard as well as other endemic animals such as the purple faced langur, sloth bear, spotted deer, sambar and birds like the painted stork, oriental darter, purple swamphen, Sri Lanka junglefowl, Sri Lanka grey and malabar pied hornbills, white-rumped shama and in winter many migrant waders and ducks.
Both the saltwater and the freshwater crocodiles take refuge in the waters of this national park. The park also harbors some reptiles and amphibians like the endemic skink and the rare endemic palm frond frog.

Bundala National Park
Bundala National Park

A simply picture perfect national park bordering the ocean fringed with sand dunes, and dotted with numerous lagoons. The five lagoons of this park are some of the most important wintering areas for migratory shore birds in the country, regularly accommodating over 15,000 at any one time! This park is the last refuge of the greater flamingo and during the northeast monsoon up to 2000 flamingoes have been seen.

You don’t have to look too hard to spot elephant, spotted deer and wild buffalo among the thorny scrub jungle in the park. The open habitat makes it ideal to spot other mammals such as the endemic toque macaque, common langur, jackal, leopard, fishing cat, rusty spotted cat and porcupine. Sea turtles love the golden beaches and sand dunes of Bundala, and frequent here often to nest. Among reptiles’ the mugger crocodile, estuarine crocodile, common monitor, python, endemic flying snake and beautiful star tortoise can be sighted here. The park is the home of every species of water bird resident in the country and during the northern winter, it is the final destination for countless numbers species. It is also home to several species of migratory waterfowl. The rare black necked stork is said to be a breeding resident in Sri Lanka.
Bundala’s richness in birds’ species is why it was declared a Ramsar Site in 1990, having international significance for wetland birds.


Yala National Park
Yala National Park



The largest national park in Sri Lanka formed by a completely diverse landscape ranging from the ocean to jungles, scrubland, freshwater rivers and lakes, which support a large variety of wildlife. Over 30 species of mammals are known to be found here, including threatened species such as the sloth bear, leopard, elephant and water buffalo. You’ll probably have the best chance of sighting a leopard here than anywhere else on the island.

Some 120-130 birds’ species can be seen at Yala. Raptors like the crested serpent eagle, and white bellied sea eagle and water birds including the lesser flamingo, pelican, painted stork and night heron can be spotted in the lagoons. The north-east monsoon is seen to attract thousands of migrating waterfowl including, pintail, white winged black tern and eurasian curlew which mix with residents such as whistling duck and yellow wattled lapwing. Other interesting birds’ species you could spot at Yala are the Sri Lanka junglefowl, black-necked stork, and pompadour green pigeon, three species of bee-eaters and large flocks of flamingoes.
Yala is also home to a variety of reptiles such as crocodiles, the venomous Russel’s viper and a variety of sea turtles. The endangered olive ridley and leatherback turtles return to the Yala coastline often for nesting.

Minneriya National Park
Minneriya National Park
Virtually built around the Minneriya reservoir, this park is certainly one of the most scenic in the island. During the dry season from June to September, the reservoir becomes a favorite gathering place for scores of elephants who get together to eat, drink and be merry. Many species of mammals such as sambar, spotted deer, leopard, sloth bear and endemics like the toque macaque and purple faced langur are favorite attractions.

Minneriya is full of a vast number of birds. 160 species are found here. Look out for the Sri Lanka junglefowl, Sri Lanka hanging parrot, Sri Lanka brown capped babbler, crimson fronted barbet, black crested bulbul, all of which are endemics. Nine species of amphibians have been reported to live in this park and among them are endemic and endangered slender wood frog and common tree frog. Endemic and endangered lizards like the red lipped lizard are also found here. 26 species of fish are found in the reservoirs.


Kaudulla National Park
Kaudulla National Park

Kaudulla is the newest national park and forms a corridor for elephants migrating between Somawathiya National Park in the north to Minneriya National Park, further south. Is a very popular place for elephant lovers, as you get to see large numbers of elephants close up. Leopards, sambar deer and the occasional sloth bear are also interesting animals to watch out for. If you’re looking for new and exciting ways to see and photograph wildlife, then a catamaran ride on the expansive Kaudulla reservoir is something that just shouldn’t be missed. Kaudulla is also an excellent location for bird watching.

Horton Plains
Horton Plains

Strikingly different from the other national parks in that, visitors to Horton Plains are allowed to walk on their own on the designated tracks. The scenic beauty and wildlife of Horton Plains which is a remote 2000m high plateau just south of Nuwara Eliya is set to impress even the most discerning traveler. Most habitats and endemic plants and animals representative of our wet and montane zones are sure to be found here. This national park is abundant with some of the smaller endemic mammals like sambar, endemic toque macaque, purple faced langur, leopard, wild otter, long tailed giant squirrel, horned lizard and bear monkey. If you are really keen on seeing the Sri Lanka whistling thrush, Sri Lanka magpie, dull-blue flycatcher, orange-billed babbler and the black-throated munia then Horton Plains is definitely worth a visit, as this is one of the best places in the whole island to see them. This park is a paradise for butterflies as well. Various raptors such as crested serpent eagle and mountain hawk eagle can be seen circling over the plains. Among reptiles are snake and the wide spread agamid.

Sinharaja Forest Reserve
Sinharaja Forest Reserve

Sinharaja Forest Reserve or ‘Kingdom of the Lion’ is located in the south-west part of the island and is one of the last remaining areas of tropical rain forest in Sri Lanka. Sinharaja was designated a World Biosphere Reserve in 1978 and a World Heritage Site in 1988.

Because of the dense vegetation, wildlife is not as easily seen as at dry-zone national parks such as Yala. You won’t find any elephants and the 15 or so leopards are rarely seen. The commonest larger mammal is the endemic purple faced langur. An unusual and fascinating spectacle is when birds from many different species move together in mixed feeding flocks in search of food. As the flock approaches you’ll see and hear the noisy calls of orange-billed babblers and a greater racket-tailed drongo. As the birds pass, you’ll be able to catch a glimpse of the quieter, more inconspicuous, members of the flock. Some of the fascinating birds found in Sri Lanka you can find right here at Sinharaja include the Sri Lanka spurfowl, Sri Lanka junglefowl, green-billed coucal, red-faced malkoha, blue magpie, spot-winged thrush, scaly thrush, white-faced starling, chestnut-backed owlet, black-throated munia and the Sri Lanka myna.

Sinharaja is an absolute treasure trove of endemic species. More than 60% of the trees are endemic and many of them are considered rare. There is much endemic wildlife, especially birds but the reserve is also home to over 50% of Sri Lanka’s endemic species of mammals and butterflies as well as many kinds of insects, reptiles and rare amphibians.


Udawattakele Bird Sanctuary
Udawattakele Bird Sanctuary


This is the only reserve in the whole of Sri Lanka to be situated in the suburbs of a city. The Udawattakele Sanctuary rests on the northern edge of the Kandy city just above the Temple of the Tooth. The forests are a haven for birds and some of the birds sighted here include the layard’s parakeet, Sri Lanka hanging parrot, yellow-fronted, crimson-fronted and brown-headed barbets; golden-fronted and jerdon’s leafbirds; stork-billed, common and oriental dwarf kingfishers.

Kalametiya Bird Sanctuary
 Kalametiya Bird Sanctuary

Situated just a short distance off the coastal road on the south coast of the island between Tangalle and Hambantota. The gorgeous Indian Ocean and rich lagoons and mangrove swamps characterize this bird sanctuary. The Kalametiya Bird Sanctuary is an ideal location for undisturbed bird-watching. Interesting birds like the asian openbill, eurasian spoonbill, egrets, purple swamphen, black-winged stilt and many winter migrants can be sighted here.

Muthurajawela Marshes
Muthurajawela Marshes


Situated toward the southern part of Negombo, the Muthurajawela marshes meaning “swamp of royal treasure’ more than does justice to its name. Home to a staggering number of species of flora and fauna, these marshes have been declared as a sanctuary due to its high bio diversity. Water birds such as herons and egrets can be seen in abundance in the marshes. Boat rides through the marsh and the lagoon are a brilliant way of experiencing the wildlife.

Bodhinagala
Bodhinagala

Bodhinagala is quite a small area of secondary rainforest only about a two hour drive from the city of Colombo. Located in a tropical rainforest surrounding a monastery and rich in flora and fauna Bodhinagala is a great place for bird watching. Some of the birds found here include the green-billed coucal, Sri Lanka junglefowl, Sri Lanka spurfowl, Sri Lanka hanging parrot, layard’s parakeet, Sri Lanka grey hornbill, barbets and the malabar trogon

Bellanwila–Attidiya Bird Sanctuary
Bellanwila–Attidiya Bird Sanctuary

The Bellanwila-Attidiya marsh is a precious residual fragment of the once extensive marshlands around Colombo. Rich in species it is of major importance as a wildlife refuge and well worth a visit. This urban wetland is famous for its abundant bird life. It consists of fresh water marshes, and a natural and man-made canal system. A walk along the edge of the canals or marshlands will allow you to observe many aquatic birds including the lesser whistling duck, purple swamphen, white breasted waterhen, whiskeredtern, pin tailed snipe and little green heron. Apart from aquatic birds, raptors such as brahminy kite and the marsh harrier can be commonly observed.

Kitulgala Rainforest
Kitulgala Rainforest

Situated in the wet zone of our island, the Kitulgala Rainforest is a beautiful forest reserve adjoining Peak Wilderness Sanctuary in Adam’s Peak. An absolute birder’s paradise, this rain forest is home to birds such as the Sri Lanka junglefowl, Sri Lanka woodpigeon, white-faced starling, black-throated munia, dollarbird, blue magpie, chestnut-backed owlet, shy-headed laughing thrush, yellow-fronted barbet and the  Sri Lanka hanging parrot. To add to the appeal of the Kitulgala town, it is famously known for being a filming location for the epic “Bridge on the River Kwai”.

Talangama
Talangama

Located on the outskirts of Colombo, Talangama is a rich and varied wetland site. Over a hundred species of birds have been recorded here. The water cock, migrant black and yellow bitterns are some of the birds that have been spotted here. Talangama is also good for the commoner butterflies and dragonflies.

Hakgala Botanical Gardens
Hakgala Botanical Gardens

Located within a strict nature reserve just 10km away form the picturesque Nuwara Eliya town, the Hakgala botanical garden was once a Cinchona plantation. The name Hakgala or “Jaw Rock” comes from the story in the epic Ramayana in which the Monkey God takes back a part of the mountainside in his jaw when asked by Rama to seek out a special herb! This delightful garden is now famous for its roses. There are monkeys here which are quite used to visitors. The different sections covering the hillside include a plant house, Japanese garden, wild orchid collection, old tea trails, arboretum, fruit garden, and oaks. Also famous for the interesting birdlife, Hakgala Gardens is home to birds like the Sri Lanka woodpigeon, bar-winged flycatcher-shrike, black bulbul, Sri Lanka whistling thrush, Sri Lanka bush warbler, dull-blue flycatcher and the Sri Lanka white-eye.

Knuckles / Corbett’s Gap
Knuckles / Corbett’s Gap

Lying 25km east of the city of Kandy, the Knuckles mountain range exists as a unique ecosystem separate from the rest of the central hills. True to its name this mountain range consists of five peaks and resembles the knuckles on a persons folded fist. Covering a distance of about 12 miles Knuckles extends roughly from the northwest to the southwest of Sri Lanka. The elevation of these peaks range from about 1500m to 1800m in height. The Knuckles Range is home to a wide variety of forest types in close proximity to each other making it exceptional. These forests in turn harbor wildlife including leopard, sambar, barking deer, mouse deer, wild boar, giant squirrel, purple-faced langur, toque macaque and loris as well as the otherwise rarely seen otter. Over 120 bird species recorded here include many endemic ones including the yellow-fronted barbet, dusky-blue flycatcher, ceylon lorikeet, ceylon grackle, yellow-eared bulbul and Layard’s parakeet. In addition endemic amphibians and reptiles include the kirtisinghe’s rock frog and leaf-nosed lizard, which are only found here.

Peak Wilderness Sanctuary (Adam’s Peak)
Peak Wilderness Sanctuary (Adam’s Peak)

The Peak Wilderness Sanctuary is a long strip of wet zone forest and is situated in the Ratnapura District. The key attraction of this sanctuary is Adam’s Peak itself, which is the second highest summit in Sri Lanka and is a deeply religious place of worship among Buddhists, Catholics and Muslims alike. In addition to Adam’s Peak, this sanctuary offers some superb nature trails through tropical rainforests, across rivers and past lush tea plantations. Birds such as the Sri Lanka junglefowl, Sri Lanka woodpigeon, white-faced starling, black-throated munia, Dollarbird, Blue Magpie, Chestnut-backed Owlet, Ashy-headed laughing thrush, yellow-fronted barbet and the Sri Lanka hanging parrot.

Ritigala Strict Nature Reserve
Ritigala Strict Nature Reserve

The Ritigala Nature Reserve is a beautiful unexplored thick forest situated right in the midst of the dry zone found just off the Anuradhapura-Habarana road. Rising 600m above the surrounding plains, Ritigala is the highest peak in the entire area and enjoys it’s own micro-climate with relatively more rainfall and a cooler climate than the rest of north central part of Sri Lanka. The area rich in unusual plants and herbs is associated with the Ramayana story in which Hanuman dropped a section of herb covered Himalaya here. Wildlife includes elephants, sloth bear, leopard and varied bird life like the Sri Lanka spurfowl, Sri Lanka junglefowl, malabar hornbills and the spot-winged thrush. Deep inside the reserve you will find partially excavated ruins of an extensive Buddhist monastery which is a popular archaeological site. There are many natural caves on the mountain slopes, some quite large in which priests would meditate. Brahmi inscriptions here date the site from the second and third centuries BC. This mysterious and exciting remote site in the jungle is definitely worth visiting, especially for those who like to venture off-the-beaten path.

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Nilaveli Beach Hotel, Sri Lanka

Nilaveli Beach Hotel

If white sandy beaches and clear blue seas spell out your vacation, then the Nilaveli Beach Hotel is the place to be. Ideally located in the east coast of Sri Lanka which is famous for its beautiful and untouched beaches that stretch for miles, the hotel offers a calm and serene atmosphere and all the facilities required to enjoy a memorable stay.
Nilaveli Beach Hotel Location

Located on the East Coast of Sri Lanka along the unspoiled beaches of Nilaveli Beach Hotel infamous for its white sands and clear blue seas, the Nilaveli Beach Hotel is found about 275 km away from Colombo. Transport services can be arranged with local tour operators while public transport options such as bus and train services are also available from Colombo to Trincomalee. Local aviation firms have also introduced inland flights for the convenience of travelers.
Nilaveli Beach Hotel Accommodation

The Nilaveli Beach Hotel has a total of 45 rooms on offer. 22 units of Deluxe Rooms are provided with air-conditioning, televisions and mini refrigerators while there are 23 units of Standard air-conditioned rooms. All rooms are inclusive of a private patio that offers beautiful views of the East Coast allowing guests the opportunity to view the sunrise in all its glory. The main concept of these accommodation units are based on providing guests peace of mind and plenty of space to relax to your heart's content.
Nilaveli Beach Hotel Facilities



Nilaveli Beach Hotel

Offering a mix of Eastern and Western Dishes with a variety of seafood specialities, the main restaurant of Nilaveli Beach Hotel is an excellent place to relax and enjoy a meal. The lounge area includes three bars where guests can enjoy spirits at "Happy Hour" rates through day and night. A special travel counter is available to assist in arranging local tours, boat excursions, fishing trips etc. For recreational purposes the hotel has its own swimming pool, with a sliding board. Other facilities include a TV lounge, gift boutique, and a conference hall for business travelers.
Nilaveli Beach Hotel Excursions
The ideal season to visit the East Coast of the Island would be from April to October. Excursions can be organized through the hotel or you can just roam around the town and discover the wonders it has to offer. On the East side of the Trincomalee town lies Fort Frederick used by the Portuguese in 1624, later by the Dutch and named by the British to honor the Duke of York in 1803. At the Northern tip of Fort Frederick is the Swami Rock which drops more than 100 meters directly to the sea below. This drop is also known as the "lovers leap" according to an old legend. On the highest point of the cliff is the Tirukonesvaram Kovil.

An ideal location for snorkeling excursions, Pigeon Island is located a few hundred meters offshore from the Nilaveli Beach. A 10 minute boat ride will get you to the isle which is a breeding site for the Blue Rock Pigeon. Whale Watching can also an interesting activity in this part of Sri Lanka where more than 12 different species are found.

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Kalkudah & Passekudah, Sri Lanka.

Kalkudah & Passekudah
   

Kalkuda beach is located 282km east of Colombo in the eastern coast of Sri Lanka. Passekudah beach is located just south of Kalkuda beach. The Eastern coast extending from Yala National Park (South East) spreads right up to the beautiful beaches of Nilaveli and Uppuveli at Trincomalee in the North-eastern coast.
Kalkuda beach & Passekudah beach

Passekudah and Kalkudah beaches adorned with coconut palms set up an ideal stretch for bathing, Windsurfing and water skiing. Kalkudah Bay is a 2km long wide stretch of beach well protected by the off shore reef. Passekuda beach is wide and long. It spread along for 4km long just south of Kalkudah. The beach also houses a varied number of tropical fishes and exotic coral reefs. The combined beaches of Kalkudah and Passekudah are ideal for bathing as the sea is clear, calm and reef-protected: perfect setting for sun bathing, windsurfing, and skiing.

The combined area of Kalkuda beach and Kalkuda beach was declared as the National Holiday resort in 1973. Kalkudah & Passekudah are emerging as a popular tourist centre with many modern hotel facilities. May to September is considered as the best time to visit east coast, as it is dry during this period and the surfers can go for sun bathing, wind surfing as they please.

Passikudah Bay

Passikudah Bay contains a shallow coral reef towards the outer bay with scattered groups of corals within the bay, and is connected to similar reef systems further south towards Kalkudah. It is one of the best-known reef systems in the east and has been proposed as a Marine Sanctuary by NARA. Passikudah is very popular among visitors due to the calm clear waters which are ideal for swimming.

The Passikudah-Kalkudah reef system

The Passikudah-Kalkudah reef system was proposed as a Marine Sanctuary by NARA in the 1980s. Kalkudah Bay and Passikudah Bay has been proposed as a SAM site by the CCD. Passikudah Bay contains a shallow fringing coral reef towards the outer bay with scattered coral communities within the bay, and is connected to similar reef systems further south towards Kalkudah. It is one of the best-known reef systems in the east and has been proposed as a Marine Sanctuary by NARA.

Passikudah is very popular among visitors in view of the calm clear waters with coral reef, yet Coral mining is a major threat to the reef and has degraded large areas of reef around Kalkuda beach. At present, Kalkudah-Passikudah is much in favor of the budget travelers in contrast with Trincomalee-Nillaveli, Uppaveli beaches with high-end beach hotels. But then the matters are likely to be overhauled with the Passikudah Resort Development Project.

Passikudah Resort Development Project

The combined area of Kalkuda beach and Passekudah was declared as the National Holiday resort in 1973 and was popular for tourism in the 1970s and early 1980s but since then tourist activities had come to a halt till May 2009. With the total elimination of terrorism, the tourism having begun to boom in Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority (S.L.T.D.A.) has drawn up a blue-print of a Master Plan for a beach Resort with association of Sri Lanka Institute of Architects (SLIA. Initial action have taken to prepare an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the whole resort to ensure the construction of a state of the art resort while protecting of the natural resource base.

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Light House Hotel Sri Lanka

Light House Hotel Sri Lanka

On the famed south western coast of Sri Lanka, in the ancient Dutch outpost of Galle, hotels line the shore and are many and varied. But amongst them all, one stands out – distinctive as a beacon of light in the dark; and named likewise. Known and loved the world over, Jetwing Lighthouse, Galle, embraces a rugged outcrop along the coastline just before the city centre, and is the last unique architectural triumph of Sri Lanka’s iconic genius, Geoffrey Bawa. Minimalistic, stately and elegant this inspired creation will captivate you with its unparalleled wonder.

Step in to the hallway and step back five centuries. A dramatic enactment – a historic narrative depicting the ‘Battle of Randeniya’ spirals upwards. Sweeping alongside the stairway, Portuguese horsemen charge the brave local inhabitants; their fervour immortalized in shimmering copper and bronze envisioned by renowned artist Laki Senanayake. Follow the flight and step out into the lobby, then stand amazed at the vista before you – the astounding beauty of a land the ancient warriors fought to save or gain is now yours to claim, awhile at least.

But yours will be a battle of a far more pleasant kind – how not to indulge too much in all the luxuries you will encounter when you stay with us. The rooms are sumptuous, the cuisine, positively sinful, the pools as vast as the ocean they seem to blend into – and then there is the spa too, and that is bliss beyond compare. But bliss is what you will find at every turn at Jetwing Lighthouse, Galle; a member of Small Luxury Hotels of the world, it is the ultimate tropical retreat of lavish beauty in Sri Lanka

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Sigiriya Village Hotel

Sigiriya Village Hotel

Tucked within the Cultural Triangle is Sigiriya Village – a beautiful hotel situated against the backdrop of the awe inspiring Sigiriya Rock. The hotel is spread over a large area of 26 acres - with chalet style accommodation that blends unobtrusively with the natural environment. Vast gardens and lotus pools are everywhere – a natural antidote to an exhausting day spent sight-seeing.

Sigiriya Village is a staple hotel of the cultural triangle, offering comfortable mid-range accommodation in a charming rustic setting. The accommodation is designed similar to a typical rural village where individual cottages or dwellings in clusters of about ten, are located in secluded landscaped gardens. Pathways along lotus-filled ponds connect each of the clusters with the main central area where dining facilities are located. Sigirya Village is an ideal destination for children who will enjoy the separate garden play area and the families of monkeys that hover on the tree tops.

Accommodation

Sigiriya Village has 120 rooms, individually designed earth-toned cottages, each with a bedroom with ensuite bathroom, and private verandah. Standard and Superior cottages are on offer with or without A/C. Other facilities include satellite TV, telephone and mini bar. The cottages are arranged in six clusters, with a unique Sri Lankan theme and vibrant interiors. The cottages are equipped with modern amenities and are designed in a manner to ensure optimum comfort. Clusters of cottages are named and decorated with reference to rural life. The interiors of the King Fisher cluster are highlighted in hues of blue, the Paddy cluster in shades of green, the Temple cluster uses frangipani motifs in yellows and white, and the Avurudhu cluster in reds, oranges and greens. The King Arbor cluster is secluded and provides for more privacy.

* Standard Cottages ;
This is the latest venture whereby all cottages are air-conditioned namely Ganga Addara and Avurudhu. These cottages are with attached toilets, hot and cold water, and private verandas.

* Superior Cottages ;
The superior cottages are found in The King Fisher,The Temple and Paddy Field clusters. These cottages were refurbished in 2007 and are furnished with large comfortable beds and have a sitting area, writing desk, private verandah and they come equipped with all the mod-cons such as satellite TV and mini-bar. In addition, the rooms have hot and cold water, a separate dining area, as well as a private veranda.

* Deluxe Cottages ;
The deluxe cottages located in the Kings Arbour are similar to a suite. The rooms are designed in a manner that is reminiscent of royal living, with king sized beds, bath tubs with hot and cold water, satellite TV and mini-bar, a pond and a private courtyard.

Rooms Facilities :
* Ceiling fans * All air-conditioned chalets * Telephone * Piped music * Mini bar * Attached toilets * Private verandas * Hot and Cold Water

Facilities:
Meals are served at the main dining area overlooking the swimming pool and the magnificent Sigiriya rock which looms over the treetops. Traditional Sri Lanka rice and curry is a speciality here. Buffets – with Western and Eastern food -- are served for breakfast and lunch. There is also an a la carte menu and room service menu. All meals are prepared using fresh produce directly from the hotel's extensive organic farm. Sigiriya Village takes pride in their ability to offer guests their own home grown fruit and vegetables. Traditional dance and music troupes provide nightly entertainment within the main restaurant area. Recreational facilities include a swimming pool with separate children's pool, sun deck, indoor games, mini golf, tennis, and badminton. The Ayurvedic Centre, headed by an experienced Ayurvedic Physician, allows guests to experience this indigenous, ancient healing wisdom, which provides the most natural methods of relaxing one's body and mind. All the herbal oils, scrubs, and wraps used for the therapies are prepared using herbs from the hotel's own garden.

Excursions:
An early morning climb to the Sigiriya rock which is just five minutes away is a priority. Other adventurous activities include jungle treks on elephant back, nature trails along the lake and through the jungles where over 120 species of birds can be spotted. The hotel maintains its own list titled `Birds of Sirigiya Village Hotel'. Beyond the immediate surroundings, excursions to the ancient historical sites of Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa, Dabulla, Mihintale, and Ritigala's 2nd century forest hermitage are all possible from here.

Recreational Activities :
* Cricket ground * Badminton court * Soft Ball * Freshwater Pool * Children’s pool * Mini golf course * Ayurvedic health centre * Organic Farm * Village Tour

Activities :
Let us know of your interests – be it oriented to history, nature or a spot of adventure – and they will organize an interesting activity for you.
* Heritage site excursions * Nature reserve excursions * Hikes and Trekking * Bicycle tours * Bird-watching * Elephant Rides * Jeep Safaris


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Arugam Bay !!!! Surf like Nowhere

Arugam Bay

Arugam Bay is a bay situated on the Indian Ocean in the dry zone of Sri Lanka's southeast coast. The bay is located 320 km due east of Colombo. "Ullai" as Arugam Bay is locally known is a popular surfing and tourist destination. Many of the buildings were destroyed in the 2004 tsunami. The Government's Min. of Defense CCD (Coastal Conservation Dept.) created what is now described as Arugam's second "Tsunami" end September 2011, when all beach side structures where demolished by bulldozers. Due to its popularity among tourists, the area has managed a slow recovery by private initiatives only. As late as 2011 no help has been received from any official source or international organizations. An exception is uncoordinated support for fishing folk as well as many school rebuilding programs, resulting in a continuation to provide only separatist schools for each community. Although there is a huge demand for an international school, one huge new building donated by the people of Japan remains largely unoccupied since the grand 'opening' ceremony in 2007.

The bay hosts a large fleet of fishing boats which operates off the beach. Many organizations donated boats after the tsunami and as a result there are far more fishing boats than ever before. The main beach is a bit dirty as it is used as a garbage dump and a toilet by some locals. Nearby beaches are more esthetically pleasing and also have excellent waves. Arugam Surf Point has a very long, consistent, sectiony right hand break. In mid 2010 ASP [1] hosted its first international surf contest in the Bay. The winner of such was Australian Julian Wilson. ASP repeated their contest tour in 2011 added a women's competition to the men's long board championship at Arugam Bay.Many organizations claim to have done extensive work in the area. No notable progress can be observed locally and on close inspection, as late as New Year's Day, 2010. The main road, shown below in 2004 still looked the very same at the end of 2009. Despite calls for a walking street contractors have recently (September, 2010)completed construction of a fast trunk road through the hamlet. Repeating the mistakes made in other seaside tourist resorts such as Negombo and Hikkaduwa. US 'Mercy Corps' has been the most active of any organization. Funded by Oprah Winfrey's 'Angel Network', following a huge fund-raising TV series in the United States. Sadly, none of their projects survived the first year of operation. A new bridge has been constructed by USAID. It was opened for traffic in 2008. It replaced the 1960s, original landmark box girder construction linking Arugam Bay with Pottuvil. At km 312 on the main A4 (the famous Colombo High Level Rd. - PottuVille), an excellent shortcut side road exists, which ends up in the very middle of Arugam Bay itself. This picturesque drive avoids the dusty town of PottuVille. Also no bridges need to be crossed. Raising questions regarding the wisdom for the need of the so-called 'high tech' USAID bridge construction. There is excellent elephant viewing nearby, incl. on this mentioned jungle road and the surrounding lagoon, as well as two types of monkeys wandering around the area.

The nearby (4 km) Muslim village of Pottuvil is the center of commerce and transportation while tourist accommodations lie along the beach to the south of Pottuvil Arugam Bay (4 km) is also the gateway and the only road access to the Yala East National Park. This area is known as Kumana (44 km), to be reached via the Sinhalese settlement of Panama (17 km) and the shires at Okanda (32 km). Sources of further, up-to-date local information: Arugam Bay has its own insiders, veteran and fan club with just 777 members end 2008. History was made on election day, 26 January 2010. The Community page Facebook page "Arugam Surf" managed to attract more than 10,000 fans. Making it the fasted growing non political Facebook page in Sri Lanka. By November 2011, Sri Lanka's first and oldest FB fan page attracted more than 60,000 loyal members. Remarkable how much global interest this small, remote hamlet of just 2,500 residents seems to generate.

Somawathiya National Park

Somawathiya National Park is one of the four national parks designated under the Mahaweli River development project.Somawathiya Chaitya, a stupa said to be containing a relic of the tooth of the Buddha, is situated within the park. The park was created on 2 September 1986, having been originally designated a wildlife sanctuary on 9 August 1966. The park is home to many megaherbivores. The national park is located 266 kilometres (165 mi) north-east of Colombo.

Physical features

Somawathiya National Park lies in the deltaic flood plains of the Mahaweli River and contains the junction where it is forked into two branches.The two branches are the Mahaweli River, which flows north into Koddiyar bay and the lesser Verugal Oya which flows north-east into the sea. The central riparian flood plain is featured by many old river channels and contain dispersed 'villus', the waterfilled basins around among the grassy plains. There are 20 such villus is located in the park. Somawathiya and Flood plains national parks are important protected areas for the wetland system of Mahaweli River flood plains.The high quality habitat of fertile alluvial underlying layer supports a plentiful wildlife.
History

The historic Somawathiya Chaitya is located on the left bank of the Mahaweli River. The stupa was named after Princess Somawathi, the sister of King Kavan Tissa, and the wife of regional ruler Prince Abhaya. The prince Abhaya build the stupa to enshrine a relic of the tooth of the Buddha, which was in the possession of Arahat Mahinda, and named the stupa after the princes.The park is one of the four national parks set aside under the Mahaweli River development project. The other three national parks being Maduru Oya, Wasgamuwa and Flood plains.Somawathiya is contiguous with Flood Plains National Park and Trikonamadu Nature Reserve. Hurulu Forest Reserve, a part of which is a biosphere reserve is linked by the western arm of the park.
Flora
Buddhist bhikkus decorating the Somawathiya Chaitya

The waterfilled basins in the central flood plain are featured by the richness and predominance of the water-tolerant grasses and aquatic plants.The distribution of floral species in the villus shows a pattern, which is related to the period of inundation and the depth of flooding. On the edges, where wet conditions are temporary and with mild levels of flooding, there are creeping grasses such as Cynodon dactylon. Further towards the centre of the villus where the flooding is lengthier and truly hydrophytic species such as Alternanthera sessilis, Polygonum spp., Jussiaea repens, Ipomoea aquatica, Monochoria hastata, and Scirpus grossus appear. The most widespread grass species include Hygroryza aristata, Brachiaria mutica, Echinochloa colonum, Paspalum vaginatum, Digitaria longiflora, and Paspalidium spp. In a little deeper water, floating aquatic plants occur along with Nelumbo nucifera. Still in deeper water an association of manel Nymphaea stellata and the submerged aquatic plant Ceratophyllum demersum present. Some floating plants are common in all zones of the villus. Some tree species occur in the edges of the villus are Terminalia arjuna, Madhuca longifolia, Barringtonia asiatica, Mitragyna parviflora, Erythrina variegata, and Hibiscus tiliaceus. In the northern region of the park, the forest trees teeming with species such as Drypetes sepiaria, Berrya cordifolia, Diospyros ovalifolia, Dimorphocalyx glabellus, Pterospermum canescens, Manilkara hexandra and Mitragyna parviflora.

Fauna

The importance of ecology of the park is due mainly to the wide occurrence of elephants Elephas maximus estimated at about 400 within the protected area and adjacent surroundings and the rich avifauna. Although a recent 2007 study shows a much less herd of elephants in Somawathiya, 50-100 of individuals.Other notable mammalian species include jackal Canis aureus, Fishing Cat felis viverrina, Rusty-spotted Cat felis rubiginosa, leopard Panthera pardus, wild boar Sus scrofa, sambar Cervus unicolor, Water Buffalo Bubalus bubalis, Porcupine Hystrix indica, and Black-naped hare Lepus nigricollis.
The flood plain marshes are rich with avifauna.Around 75 migrant species to winter in the marshes. Usual migrants include garganey Anas querquedula, Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis, Wood Sandpiper T. glareola, Pintail Snipe Gallinago stenura, Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybridus, and Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa. Resident birds are Painted Stork Ibis leucocephala, Openbill Stork Anastomus oscitans, Little Egret Egretta garzetta, Cattle Egret Bubulens ibis, Pond Heron Ardeola grayii, Pheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus, Purple Gallinule Porphyrio porphyrio, White Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus, and Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus. Within the forest area the following birds are seen, Crimson-fronted Barbet Megalaima haemacephala, Common peafowl Pavo cristatus, Malabar Pied Hornbill Anthracoceros coronatus, Thick-billed Flowerpecker Dicaeum agile, Common Iora Aegithina tiphia, Junglefowl Gallus lafayetii, and Golden-fronted Leafbird Chloropsis aurifrons. While Barred Buttonquail Turnix suscitator frequents the open areas, marshy northern area is visited by Woolly-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus, crested hawk eagle Spizaetus cirrhatus, Grey-headed Fish Eagle Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus, Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis, Crested Serpent-eagle Spilornis cheela, and Painted Stork Ibis leucocephala.

Conservation

Although the park area has been greatly exploited once the human activity is removed the regeneration will be quick, because of the moisture and high carrying capacity of the villus.Both Flood Plains National Park and Somawathiya National Park are excessively important for migratory and resident waterfowl. In general, the park has been much neglected. Although an overall systems plan is in place for protected areas within the Mahaweli Region. Until the area was incorporated into the Mahaweli Environment Project was unmanaged and unprotected to a great extend. The forests of the area have been cleared for cultivation, following the move in of the tobacco cultivators with their cattle. Tobacco cultivators enters annually with several heads of cattle. Deforestation has been more extensive since the mid 1970s. Illegal logging, tobacco cultivation and grazing by cattle was scheduled to reduce gradually with the declaration of the park.

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